Telegraphic relay.



No. 838,192. PATENTBD DEG.11, 1906.

1. KITSEE.

TELBGRAPHIO RELAY.

APPLICATION FILED P5126, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

% llPLIOATIOH FILED FEB. 26, 1900.

No. gamma v PATENTED DEC. 11, 1906. I. KITSBE.

TELEGRAPHIG RBLAY.-

n, I a; 7 6' Z 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 888,192. PATENTED DEC. 11, 1906. I KITSBE TELEGRAPHIC REEKY.

APPLICATION FILED mm. 2a, 1906.

3 SHEETB-BEBET 3.

' called the niersed, the other end of ti ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILA .HALFTO VilLLiAM J.

DELPHIA, PENN LATTA, OF PlilLAUlilLlHlA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SSYLVANIA, ASSl'U-NOR OF ONE- TELEGRAPi-HC'RELAY.

No. see, we.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 26,

To (tZZ witmrz, 2'!) may concern:

Be it known that I, lsroon Krrsnn, o citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTelegraphic Relays, of which the following is a specification V Myinvention relates to' an im r'ovemcnt telegraphic relays. Its object isto produce a relay which Without metallic contact may actuate localtranslating devices.

The peculiar condition or the submarine cable made it necessary totelegraph with both poles of a source oi current, one pole designating adot and the-second pole designoting a. dash. To reccivesuchim ulses andtranslate the same into record, the ingenious device known as Thomsonssiphon recorder is used to-day almost generally. This instrumentconsists of stationary per manent magnets, a movable coil inthc regionof tho ines of force, soft-iron core in said coil, the coil suspended bycocoonthreads, u bent-gloss tube connected to the coil and adapted tofollow the inovemcntof this coil, an inlcreceptacle in which one end ofthis glass tubethc real siphon-is imie siphon in juxtaposition to themoving paper. This si' hon has a center position which technical y iszero. An impulse of one polarity moves the coil, and therefore thesiphon, to the right, and an impulse of o )POSiiJG polarity moves thecoil, and there ore the siphon, to the left.

it is the aim instrument so as to actuate through the same it localcircuit, as said above, without any nietallic connection.

Referring to the drawing: Figure 1 a diegrammatic view of asiphonrecorder attached thereto,mydcvice in perspective and a localcircuit in diagram. Figs. 2, 3, 4-, and 5 are side views of the siphonwith disk attached thereto; and Figs. 6 and 7 are plan viewsshowin thedisk, in connection with the device, a .apted to operate, through theinking movementof said disk, 9. local circuit. Fig.

' 8 is a side elevation, and Fig. 9 a top view, of

a sounder.

' 18'is the siphonerecorder as an entirety, in which. 19 is theelectrmnagnet pert, 20 the part, and 239 the sip 1011 proper. This of myinvention to utilize this Patented Dec. 11, 1 06. 1906. Serial No.302,985-

ing part, (here shown in the shape oi e disk and designated by 21.) Thisdish is im mersed in. a conducting fluid 30, incloscd in a, receptacle22. The receptacle is provided with two pairs of contact-points. One isdesignated by 2 1 and 25, and the other pair is designated by 27 and 28.26 is an electromagnetic device provided with the two windings 3i and32. The winding is connected, through wire 34, wit tive pole of thebattery 23 and through wire with contact Contact '27 is connected,through wire 36, with the positive pole of the buttery 23. The current,therefore, if these two contacts 27 and flow throu h winding "2 in thedirection of the unfeatliercd arrow. The winding 31 is connected,through wire 33, with the positive pole of the battery 23 and isconnected with the other terminal, through wire 37 contact 25, andcontact 24 is connected, through wire 38, with the negative pole of thisbattery. The curreru. therefore, ii the contact pairs 24 and 25 areclosed, will flow through the winding the feathered arrow rection fromthe ll winding 32.

it is now supposed that the electromegnet that is, in opposite diow ofthe current in the 26 is a 'olarizod reluv sda )ted to have its 8- u Darmature move to one contact-point through the flow of a current of onepolarity, where the armature remains until tie flow of ourrent-ofopposite polarity removes the same from this contact a the oppositecontact.

in other words, is a polarized relay cing the two windings is currentflowing in one to the flow ol current .in the armature bf this insiphon,ctmg' part 2]., has moved to JiZ-illll) 1s, out of the region betweensiphon has attached to its end a nou-conduct- 5 5 pair h the nega- 28are connected, will with 3] in the direction of ud u'ioves the some togo opposite direc- 5 ly divided between 10C remain in the attained posi-10 the two contacts 27 and ZS-and electrically separating to greaterextent the contacts 24 and 25, as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 7. Theresistance between 27 and .28 will therefore be lessened and theresistance between .24:

and 25 increased. The flow of the cur-rent between the two circuits willtherefore not be equal, and the greater amount of current will ilowthrought-he circuit, including 37 be removed from its former positionand will 1 be moved to the opposite contact.

in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 I have shown d ilerent modes of providing thesiphon proper with the insulating material, preferably in the shape ofthe diskQl, and in Fig. 5 I have shown one end of the siphon broadened,so

as to produce out of this end the insulating material (shown as 21) inthe form of a disk. in practice this material 21 consists, preferably,of a disk of very thin mica, if the siphon of to-d try is sed; but if itis desired this si phon may be replaced by a rodor band of insulatingmaterial and integral therewith the disk 21. In this respect the end ofthe ises rod maybe shaped so as to form this dis or the whole partrepresenting thesiphon may be made out of mica or similar material i Themode of connecting the non-conducting material 21 to the siphonproper'or the inode'of producing out of the end of the siphon the part.21 of necessary dimension is immaterial. it only necessary that thispart shall be in such operative relation .to the siphon or itssubstitute that the movement of this siphon shall be reproduced by itsnon-conduct"- ing part. a i

In practice the inner space'of thereceptaole-22 can be very restricted.-As the movementof the siphon proper hardly exceeds one.-

eighth of an inch to one or the other side and the disk does not need tobe more than from one to two inches in diameter, it is evident that thelength of" this receptacle does not need to exceed two and one-halfinches. It is desirable that in practice the terminals of the contactsshall be as near together as possible, and I have shown these contactsto be so far apart only for the purpose of, better illustration. It issupposed that the thickiess of the non-conducting part 21 is aboutone-twentieth of an inch. Then the contacts of each pair does not needto be farther apart than one-tenth. of an inch. As a conducting fluidslightly-acidulated water or a very weak solution of a caustic may beused.

1 have given these figures for the purpose that persons versed 1n theart may use the same in practicing my invention; but it is.

obvious that these figures and solutions may be varied in accordancewith requirements. i prefer the form of a disk, for the reason thattheliquid will exert a less retarding movement than if this part 21 were ofany other shape. 1

' The employment of this device is of greater advantage in a systemwherein true reversals are used. This system differs from the systemused to-day in the following: To-day the siphon-recorder assumesnorniallythat is, when not in use-21 zero position and is de flected tothe right or left by an impulse of positive or negative polarity. Totransmit a dot, an impulse of, say, a ositive polarity, is

1 used, and to transmits. c ash an impulse of,

say, a negative polarity, is used, the impulse of ositive polaritydeflecting or niovingthe sip on, say, to the right, and the impulse ofnegative polarity deflecting or moving the siphon, say, to the left. Inits'normal position a straight inky line is recorded on the movingpaper. Acurve to the right orleft is recorded through the deflection ofthe siphon. In this system as some of the letters of the alphabet aresymbolized by two or more dashes or dots in succession the siphon must.be deflected twiceor oitener to one side before being deflected to theopposite. side,

and as the transmitting of impulses is rapid the siphon has no time toassume its zero position between. two impulses in the same direction themovable zero 18 the result ofsuch action; but where after each, Qositivetoo impulse a negative nnpulse will to low," or

vice versa, the zero position remains always the-saniethat 1s, theinstrument will always come to. estat its normal zero.

In one of t e experiments true. reversals 105 ceiving devioeconsisted ofthe usual s'iphon- I is recorder. In no instance deviated one curve fromthe other curve either in shape or proportion, and the line between thecurves was alwa s straight and in the center, thus show ing t at withthese true reversals the fear of I'I 5,

the shifting of the zero does not need to'be entertained, andconsidering this behavior of the si hon-recorder as a fact proven byrepeate experiments it can be stated that the Working of the device,illustrated and de- 120 scribed, is as reliable as the'recording throughthe siphon is to-day.

In the explanation of Fig. 1 itwas stated that 26 represents a device,such a polarized relav )rovided with two windin s. Such 12 v l J adevice necessitates a second translating (levicesuch, for instance, as asounder and in some instances the interposition of a relay between thereceiving device and the trans lating device proper is not desirable. Ii3o iroin in its closed position till.

therefore have devised a. sounder adapted to be worked directly by thesiphon-recor .ler or an instrument Sll'llllitl .in its action. Thissoinider, as illustrated in'Figs. and 0, cmbraces the two pairs of coilsll and 42. Esch oi the coil pairs siiruturc and us the siotion'of thecoils as to the butt n 33 of opposite direction the or matures are alsopolarized in op osite direction. The coil pair 41 is provic ed with thepolarized nrmstnre 43, and the coil pair 42 is provided with thearmature 44. The sounder of to-dsy is provided with a spring, wherebythe armature, with its lever, is pulled it word when the current ceasesto llow in tl ie coil. in the arrangement [LS illustrated, the spring isdiscarded and the second pair of tl0(.tl?ii)llll'gll-f3i S substitutedtherclm'. The action of this sounder that when s current is flowing:through the coils of 42 the lever is pulled downwsriil, but when acurrent is flowing through the coils of 41 the lever is pulled upward.'lhc insfmetisin of the srmsturcs does not need to be very strong, asthis magnetisin is only provided for the purpose so that the lever Shallnot fell back when once moved in one position. I

I will now describe the operation of the sip hon-recorder in connectionwith the sounder, as illustrated in Figs. 8 and .9. his neces first ofall to state the mode of telegoiphing.

ln con'trsclistinction from the telegraphing of today, whii-rcin forsome letters in the elphshet two or more positive impulses or two ormore negative impulses are transmitted over the line, the principle ofmy mode of telegrsphing consists in transmitting invariably a, negiitivoimpulse after a positive, or vice verso, and consists also therein thateach impulse is oi the same duration and intensit I 0 that the electriccondition of the cahlo rein nus practically the Siidllil l r the out thequestion. transmit one impulse of, my, positive polarity to bring theinstrument in the cable-circuit to a position so iii: to close u localcircuit containing s trons-lath device. and this trunsloting dcvico ofsuch it structure that it has to reen-inipulsc oi, sou, negativepolarity trni'isinittcd over the line, whereby :1 second local circuitis closed, altering the position of the translating dc- Vice in uirsnuer so as to plur'e the some in a. so-cnllcd open position or atposition indicating n space.

it sup; ised the. tire lino is idle, no impulse flow-i r over the some.ln. this state ill? siphon or simi provided with o polsrized I i roleworking time, and the shifting of the 1 l l l l l l r l r l l i l i llur part of t e receiving dc- 1 nos iiisorioo in the table s'st the zeroposij iioo. 'll roii l: 4, 4 a. will! ii. tin lic 'iiimn ill-P supposedtun;

i purtoi' i-l't siphon isccntercd :onturt puns. it

- lust impulse which was this position the lower or. as l l is also jstrokes a dot.

lion aforesaid lowing over the line before the state of idleness wasreached was s negative imnilse-- that is. an impulse which actuated t eelectronutgnets of the sounder in u manner so as to produce the upperstroke in the lever of said sounder. The lever will therefore have torennun in this position dur ng the whole part ol the idleness 'oi thecable.

supposed that ii positive impulse is transmitted over the linedeflecting the tail end of i The impulse trii nsinitted over the cableis only lnorneizturv, and the siphcnwill, as soon as this impulse haspassed, resume its center' position, whereby the current-flow in, bothcircuits of the sounder is made equal. No force therefore present toremove the lever from its upper position, and the some will remain theretill a negative impulse will energize the other coil pair so as toproduce it downward movement of theleverof this sounder. Nowit issupposed that the operator desires to transmit a dot. Ho transmits apositive impulse and in a short space of'tiino a negative impulse.Through the send' g of the first impulse sound cr will give udownstrohe, and through the sending of the second impulse the lever willgive on upper stroke, and as between these two strokes it shorttimeclapses. the receiving operator will translate these two Intrsusmiti operator first sends inpositive impulse over the line anduftern period of more then one unit of time a negative impulse, and thesounder will work in the some munneras if a dash would have been sentover the lino--- thu-t is, the lever will remain in. its downwardposition for a length of time equal to the time denoting a. dash.

I have illustrated and described the device uscmployed tods 'v in cabletelegraph), not cluinging any part of this device with the exception ofthe condition of the insulating; disk, so that the proper officers shallbe en-- ubled to receive or relay impulses transmit tod over :i cslelcwith the aid of an lIlSlJI'lk ment, the working of which they arefamiliar with. It obvious that this instrumentcen zit one and the,iii'ine time record as well us translate in sound the receivedimpulses.

l have described my invention in conncction with usiphon-recor ler, thesome being to-dny centered or lutvingwhzit is technically called thezero position. Thisposition is due to s siniill might and sonictiniestoulight spring holding the siphon inthe posh Should this weight or springb0 romoved, then the siphon would test sidewisc to left or right in:wcordonce movement of the coil.

t is obvious that any olcc'iriunugnetic de- It is now the lever of the,

ing a. (lush the wi th. the

' mersed, terminals of lectric circuit containvice With or without acent-er position may be used with this my invention, thesiphon-rccorder, as stat-ted shove, being preferred hecause the some wasfound cliicient after an experience of many years.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Let tors Patent. is

1. A siphon-recorder, a non-conducting tail at one terminal of saidrecorder, a conducting liquid in which said tail is partly iming anlectromagnet reaching in said liquid, the IIOIl-COIlElUOElIlg tailadapted to move in the region between said. terminals and to move out ofsaid region in accordance with the impulse actuating said siphon.

2. A receiving device, such as a siphon-record er, a non-conducting tailfo vthc movable art of said device, a receptacle, a conductive iiquidfor said receptacle, two pairsof contacts reaching in said liquid, anelectromagnetic device, two Winding-rs for said device, a source ofcurrent, said source connectedto one Winding in opposition to the secondwinding, the circuit of one winding connected to one pair of saidcontacts, and of the second Winding: to the second pair of contacts; thenon-conducting; tail reaching in said liquid. said tail adopted throughits movementto increase or decrease the resistance between the twocontacts of one or the other of the contact pairs.

3. An electric relay comprising a receiving device, such as asiphon-recorder, anon-com ducting tail for the movable part of saiddevice, a conductingliquidwherein said tail is immersed, terminals oftwo circuits in contact. with said liquid, means to center the tailbetween the two pairs of contacts and means i to move said tail out ofthe region between one pair of said contacts and farther into the regionof the other pair of contacts.

4. In combination with an electric cable, a receiving instrument, such asiphon-rccord'er, a non-conducting body at the terminal of the siphon, aconducting liquid, terminals of an electric circuit in contact withsaid. liquid; the non-conducting body adapted to move in and out of theregion of said terminsils, a local circuit for said terminals, atranslating device and source oi current for said circuit, the movementof said non-conducting body adapted to vary the flew of current in saidtranslating device.

5. In combination with an electric cable, a receiving device adapted toopen and close a local circuit embracing a source of current, atranslating device and conducting liquid, the receiving device providedwith means, immersed in said liquid, to va'ry the flow of the current insaid translating device through the changing of its position in saidliquid.

6. In cable telegraphy, a receiving device, such as a siphon-recorder, aconducting'liquid, two pairs of terminals operatively related to saidliquid, an electric circuit for each pair, a source of current andtranslating device for said circuits and means operatively related tothe receiving instrument to vary the flow oi the current in" saidcircuits, in accordance with the movement of the movable part oi saidrccelwng device.

in testimony whereof I 111 presence of two witnesses.

. ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses: 1 r; MARY (7, Sn rn,

ALvAir Rrr'rENnoUsE.

afiix my signature

